Condenser



CONDENSER Original Filed Marph 24, 1930 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 I If Hi- 29 m llllm 74 11w TOR.

Jime' 13, 1933. A, J HLATKY 1,913,547

CONDENSER By M Zriomrzxr Patented, June 13, 1933 ods, yet the invention tent ofthetrough;

are loeatednear the condenser p pe in pos away to showparts both sides of the latter 'vm-rmism s PATENT- E or CHICAGO, IL INOIS l it com-Juneau Original application area 1mm 2mm s eria'l lio.

438,374. Divided and this application filed Deceinben v i4, 1931.13561211 No. 580,862.

of the type commonly usedin vaeuumjpans and like containers and has to do withth'e liquid will be carried from the container, i earp i wov treating lneths has been devised and perfected with retereneeto the treatingot milk and will be illustratedand described in" t ou h y nve ive m diiierent liquids in different that connection. In carryi" g out novel :arrangen ent of trough, spray devicesand bathing niean's; tends about acentral space,, or opening, an

is spaced from the walls of, the container.

Hence the vapors "m y pass upward around 'i the trough both through the jeentraljopening and throughthe peripheral passage between the trough wall "The condensing sprays come from a supply pipe; which conforms to the shape oflthje trou throughout the ex:

orws ibv hntially so,

means likewise extend into effectiveeontaet with of the trough. -Besicles guiding the rising j vapors of the liquid within the casing into .intiinateand well directed eontaet with the water jets hichj eondense the vapor's, the baffle also assists fi n n aintalnlng continuous streams of vapor free from OblBCti nablG ed dies. When installing thes pray'pipe, I also preferably provide an opening, accessible from the outside of the structure, through which a brush,may be inserted-into the in terior of thepipe to eleanit.

By direeting vapors to the water jets from through the central flow of water, roughlyspeaking, about twice as much as where the vapors are directed The present invention relates to condensers? of the eontairierinventiodv provide p p ent No. 1,841,822 The r trough ex:

h and positioned mediatelyv above its pen top. fThe bafihng p denser constructed and arranged in accordand y ance with the present h central and peripheral passages 1 t Wa be g ejected in small streams into the open mouth;

of the vacuum pan, one streai n corning opening and the other through the peripheralpassage, I am able" coacting with openings in to get a maximum of good out of augiven 523 and 24;. The upper end of the member vide a structure which contributes mate-v been the practice in certain instances rially to .thepproduotion of a vacuum pan or the like which will be highly eflieient' in operation and require but low steam and water COIISUBIPUOIL ,These operating advantages are especialwhen the inventionis used with ly present the novel heating unlts and other features of my prior UnitedStates application Se rial No, aaam filed March 24, 1930, Pat? granted January 19, 1932, of which the present case is a division.

Theva'rious features andadvantages of my invention upon-reference to the following' detailed description taken in connection with the acconipanying drawings, while the scope of the invention will be particularly pointed out in the appended claims.

In said drawings, Fig.1 is a tion a vacuum :pan provided with a eoninvention, portions of the shell, or casingot the pan being broken within; Fig. 2 is a. central. vertical section of the upper portion of will be more fully understood side eleva the pan, illustrating particularly the condensing apparatus and Fig.3 is a bottom plan view of the structure of Fig. 2, the shell being shown in section taken on a plane indicated by the line 33 of Fig; 2, and portions of the trough of the condensing mechanism being broken away to show inoreolearly the spray outlets in the water supply fpipe. Characters refer to like parts.

Throughout these views like said drawings in detail, 20

Referring to and 21 designate, respectively, the upper and lower portions of the casing or shell These two portions are made of sheet metal, preferably are connected together bybolts and nuts 22 the mating flanges 20 is providedwith a similar flange 25. To this flange bolts and nuts 26. secure the pan copper, and

top 27 The latter is provided with a. flange 28 at its periphery which mates with the flange upon. the shell member 20. Similarly, the lower end of the casing member 21 is provided with a flange '29 which mates with peripheral flange 30 upon the pan bottom 31 and in this case bolts and nuts 31 cooperate with openings through the flanges .to secure the members ,21 and 31together. The top 27 and the bottom 31 are also formed of sheet metal and, as before, this metal is preferably copper. In horizontal crosssection the shell of the pan is also preferably circular. i

I The condensing mechanism is located in the upper part of the pan, this part being clear-of heating coils. This mechanism in cludes a trough 32 which has an outlet pipe which communicates through a pipe 34 with the 'lsu'al condensing pump employed in'vac'uum pan installations. The trough 32 has an o'pen top and it lies directly beneath the spray pipe 35. The latter has'a large number of small openings 36 in its under 25' Y side' andfrom these, small jets of water strike upon the vapors which rise in the pan andfcfindense them within the trough 32; The water thus delivered to the trough is carriedofl' through the pipe'connections and '34'as'rapidly as received. As shown, the spraypipe and the trough 32 are circular and concentric with respect to the verprovide an 7 which is concentric tical axis or the pan. The dash lines 37 in Fig. 2i'ndicat'e'in a general way the direction in which the water is projected from the pipe 35 toward and into the trough 32.

The trough 32 is made up of two walls 38 and 39. These walls are spaced apart to insulating air space 40. This is for the purpose of preventing condensation on the under side of the trough and requiring the vapors to rise to the upper side of the trough before the water is condensed from them; Upon the upper side they will encounter the condensing waters from the openings 36 and will be promptly condensedf The walls 38 and 39, which are preferably composed of copper, are separated at their top inner edges by a band or ring 41 which lies as a horizontal circle concentric with the'vertical axis of the pan. The outer edges of the walls 38 and 39 are connected and spaced by a similar ring 42 with the inner ring 41. The trough 32 is supported as a whole by a plurality of brackets 43, in the embodiment; illustrated four such brackets being used. These brackets are secured attheir upper ends to the pan top 27 by any suitable means,such as bolts and nuts 44. The lower ends of the brackets 43 are secured to the outer edge of the trough 32, preferably by screw bolts 45 which extend through the walls 38and 39 andthe intervening ring 42, and are provided with suitable nuts. Ob-

' desired.

which suitable attaching means, such as the bolts and nuts 46, may be used. Of course, other arrangements might be employed, if 1 he elbow 33 is flanged at the point where it engages the shell member 20, and its flange 47 cooperates with a mating flange 48"on the pipe 34 to complete the con nection from the trough to the pump. Of

course, the shell member 20, is perforated at the points where the pipes 33 and 34 regiss ter, and the flanges 47 and48 are used in forming a tight joint at this point. Preferably, bolts and nuts 49 serve as connecting means, each bolt passing through both flanges as well as through an opening in the intervening shell member 20.

The spray pipe 35 may also be variously,

mounted. In the embodiment shown a plurality of hangers 50 are employed for this purpose. Each hanger is curved at its lower end to embrace the under side of the pipe 35 and it is bent at an angle at its upper end to provide a lug by which it may be'secured to the pan top 27. Preferably, connections are made between the hangers 50 and the pan top by means ofbolts and nuts 51. The connection of the spray pipe 35 to the pan top 27 is also increased by the supply connection through which water is admitted to said pipe. This connection includes a tubular part 52 upon the pipe 35 which is provided with a flange 53 which engages the inner' face of the shelltop 27 around the opening 54 in said top. In like manner the flange 55 upon the supply pipe 56 surrounds the same opening and the flanges 53 and 55 are mated and, in a mannerfsimilar to the flanges 47 and 48, these flanges are connected by'bolts and nuts 57. The spray pipe 35 is further supported by a similar pipe connection which includes the flanged portion 58 and the flangedv pipe connection 59, likewise secured to the shellmomber 27 by bolts 60 about an opening 61 in the shell. In this case the short pipe section 59 is provided with a cap 62. opening 61 with these associated parts is to provide access to the interior of the spray pipe 35 to enable it to be readily cleaned. out as occasion may require. By removing the cap 62 a brush may be inserted through opening 61 and into the interior of the pipe 35 for thus cleaning it.

With the construction shown, it will be apparent that the vapors rising from the The purpose of the strike against the pan nections, as before explained;

condensing water ets.

members r r r T posed of sheet metal, preferably copper, and

a is properly directing these vapors outward of tliespray the ends ofthe members yradial cross section,

ellipse top and thence" be brought into contact with the of water coming from the spray pipe 355 Then condensation will take place and the water will pass off through the trough and pipe con To assist in" in" their travels ri-mniheiowe part of the" pan to the zone where they willbe subject to the sprays of the cooling 'water,-I employ a baiile plate 63 which is circular in outline and lies just pipe liffl- The upper end of this ba'fildis outwardly flanged for connection to the pan top 271 Any suitable connecting, means may be employed for this purpose, such asthescrew ciatjediuuts 6 L Thebaiile plate 63 servestd" g upward around" thooutside oftlie trough SQ down into the i Tho same plate also serves to bring about downward movement ofthosevapors which pasrup through the center of the trough 32f As such vapors: spread outjthey iencounterthe brittle and movefdownwardunder the pressure of other vapors behindthem andarethus brought iny the "water jets, asbe'fore. Thearrangement of partsin the top of the vacuum pan also prevents the formation of I eddies in which the vapors may remain without circulating to thoseparts of the pan where they will come into contact with the condensingfwater. p

"Thaheatiug unitsat the bottomo'li the vacuum pan are, in the present instance, in dividual circularunits comprising in each instance an inlet member eaan outlet meniber 66, and tubular connecting members 67. The "members and66 are preferably in thedforin of castings, while the tubular 67 which eqnnectthem arecoinf 67 are brazed to the castings. 1 At this, point it may be noted" that these units form. the subJect matfiter Sullice it to say that they are annular units each having an inlet and an outletand each having a bore which at every point is preferably elliptical in the major axis of the horizontal; all as more fully explained in said'parent case.

he inlet and outlet members, 65, 66," are providedwith suitable flanges and arecon nected therebyto the shell oi thepan, each inletmen ber communicating with a. supply pipe 68 and each outlet memberwith a (l1S- I tom 31 of the pain has an opening and associated drain pipe connection, 81 whichis cona pipe'which in turn runs will serve to *1 have; not shown) the connections by which steam is supplied to the heating units, but it will be obvious that the various pipes 68, which are the inlet pipes, will be connected toa source of supply, let pipes 69 may *be connected, tofany outlet this" connection may be noted that the central opening through the condenser and the peripheral opening the'pan, it has been customary to employ anuppernianhole provided by a tubular ex tens1on7Q formed in the, casing member 29,

as clearly shownfin Fig. 1. This extension are such thata reach up, either while standing on the bottom of, the pan or on a ladder within" it,

outside and the inside of the condenser is ordinarily fitted witha cover 71 provided with apeekhole 72 through which the op:

erator may inspect the contents of the pan 1 provided wlth two handles 73, is held in place northe vacuum within the pan.

An additional manhole opening 13 providr ed in the bottom plate 31 of the pan. This manhole structuretpreferablyincludesa ring j time. The'cover, which is 74 which issecure tothebottom 31and the ring serves as a support andflseat' for the removable cover 75. To seat the cover I preferably employ a cross bar 7 6 which co operates at its ends with lugs '77 and 78 extending downward from the ringfM. The

ends of the bar 7 6 and the lugs 77 and 78 are apertured to allow the entrance of retaining pins. One ofthese his is removed as a step in the operation 0 loosening up the parts to remove the cover.

The latter, however,

cannotgberemoved until the central clamp 79 is loosened. This screw has a. and is thread-p ing screw swivel bearing in the cover edto engage a threaded opening in the bar 76. At its outer end thescrew 79 is pro% vided with a cross pin 80 to enable it to be 1' 7 5 occupies a position close to the bar76, the latter is moved about one of its pivot ins,

the other pin may end of the bar. When this is done, 7 5 will not be in close/contact with its seat.

readily turned. In practice, while the cover p y from its open position up to the point w ere be insertedtohold that the cover Such close contact, however, will be brought about by turning upon the screw 79 to force the cover 75 against the seat. a All this manhole structure is fully disclosed in my parent case and is also claimed therein.

Adjacent to the lower manhole, the botnected to an outlet intthe bottom 31 isin 30 broken.

5 =jselves condensed and pass out 60 stood that in serving to drain the pan, this connection is of course closed. Ordinarily, this is done by a valve in. the outlet pipe.

.It will be seen that the manhole opening substantial alignment withthe centralspace embraced by the heating units and that a workman entering the pan by this opening would be able at once to Work upon the heating units, the wall, and. Q other parts which would need to be cleaned. connections are the usual The vacuum pan ones. There is provided a milk inlet 82. On' the inside of the pan this inlet extends downwardin' the form of a. pipe 83. The inlet 82 is a connecting member similar to the outlet member 81. Ordinarily, pipe connections are made with this inlet from a suitable source of liquid supply. In the case which we have chosen to illustrate, this supply is 3 a milk supply. In addition to the milk in-H let 82, the usual vacuum break is connected to the vacuum break inlet 84-. This inlet is similar in construction to the inlet 82. Or-

dinarily, a-short piece of pipe is secured to 53 the inlet member 84 and the valve is located in this pipe to open and close the interior of thepan to atmosphere. In other words, when theyalveis open,the interior of the panisopen to atmosphere andthe vacuum is However, whenever the valve is. closed and 'thecondensing pump is operating, a vacuumis soon built up again.

In operation, the attendant opens the pipe connected with inlet 82 and milk flows into 351? the pan;

I Of course, before admitting the milk he closes the bottom manhole cover 7 5 and at the same time closes the outlet opening8l. Thebottom beingthus closed, the milk accumulates in the pan until it covers one of the heating units. Steam is then ad The effect is. to immitted to that unit.

As the mediately cause the milk to boil. milk continues to enter it will not until the. second heating unit is covered.

451EThen steam is admitted to the second unit.

This course is. continued until all the units are covered and steam has been admitted to all the units. The result of such an operation is to cause the'milk to boil vigorously. "under -.the vacuum,

which is a vacuum of .from 22 to 24 inches. The water vapors rising from the milk' v pass upward through and around the trough 82. There they encounter the condensing water and are themthrough the trough and its connections.

Although I have specified copper as the metal best adapted forthe shell and other parts of my vacuum pan, it will be undercertain cases other'metals may as Allegheny metal or the like,

be used, such metal that may be brazed or inv fact any welded and to which the pan is to be put.

' In carrying out my, invention, some alterabe longwould be suitable for the uses ing a passage for tions and modifications of the structure which I have shown may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. I therefore do not wish to be limited to the details herein disclosed, but aim to cover by the terms of the appended claims all those changes which rightly come within the scope of the invention.

[I claim 1. In a vacuum pan having a cylindrical casing provided with steam coils in its lower part and a clear upper part, the combination of an open topped condenser trough within said cylindrical casing near its top, said trough extending about a central opening and being spaced from the wall of said casing, thus providing a central opening and an outer peripheral opening both for the upward passage of the vapors, a condensing water supply pipe shaped to conform to the shape of said trough perforated on its under side and positioned immediately above the open mouth of said trough so as to discharge its waters into said trough throughout substantially the entire extent of said trough, a suction outlet for said trough, and bathing means extending throughout the extent of said trough and abovethe same in proximity to said condenser pipe to direct the vapors rising both through said central passage and through said peripheral passage into efiective contact with the water being ejected in small streams from said supply pipe into said trough.

In a vacuum pan having a cylindrical casing provided with steam coils in its lower part and a clear upper part, the combination of an open topped condenser trough within said cylindrical casing near its top, said trough extending about a central open ing and being spaced from the wall of said casing, thus providing a central opening and an outer peripheral opening both for the upward passage of the vapors, a condensing water supply pipe shaped to conform to the shape of said trough perforated on its under side and positioned immediately above the open mouth of said trough so as to discharge its waters into said trough throughout substantially the entire extent of said trough, a suction outlet 1 (and a baffle plate secured to the top of said casing) and extending downward about said supply pipe in proximity to the same in position to direct thevapors rising both through said central passage and through said peripheral passage into effective contact with the Water being ejected in small streams from said supply pipe into said trough.

3. The combination of an open topped condenser trough, said trough extending about a central opening, means for provid- V vapors about the outside of said trough, thus a central opening and an outside passage being provided about said trough for the upward flow of vapors to be condensed a condensingwater supply pipe shaped to conform to the shape of said trough, perforated on its underside and positioned immediately mouth of said trough so as to discharge its waters into saidtrough throughout substantially the entire extent of said trough, a

suction outlet forsaid trough, and baffling ion means extending throughout the extent of i said trough and above. the same in proximinto said trough.

p rs rising boththrough said central opening and through said peripheral passage into effective contact with the water being ejected in small streams from said supply pipe M4. The combination of an open topped theshape of said trough,

condenser trough, said troughextending about'a central opening andbeing spaced inward from it the Wall of sald casing, a central opening andan outside peripheral providedfor the upward flow about said passage being thus trough of vapors to be condensed,a condensing water supply pipe shaped to conform to perforated on its under side and positioned immediatelyahove the open mouth of said trough so as to discharge its Waters into said trough throughout substantially the entireextentofsaid trough, a suctionoutlet for said trough, and a cooperating casing top and bafile plate secured thereto and extending downward of said supply pipe in proximity to the in position to direct the vapors rising through said central opening and through said peripheral passage into efi'ective contact with the water'being ejected in small. streams from said supply pipe into said trough.

same

ALEXANDER J. HLATKY.

above the open to said condenser pipe to direct the Vh trough, a casing surrounding said both 

